1) Bones
The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones by the time of adulthood. At birth you had as many as 350 bones in your body. Bones have a name that we all call it by and also its proper name. For example, the skull is actually called the cranium. Its job is to protect the brain inside. Moving down we have the Mandible. This is the jaw bone and used for eating. Next we have the clavicle (collar bone), scapula (shoulder blade), sternum (breastbone) and the ribs. The ribs main job is to protect our inner organs that live in that part of the body, especially the heart. On each side of our arm we have the humerus (the funny bone) in the upper arm and two bones, the ulna and radius in the forearm. The radius leads to the thumb side of the hand whereas the ulna reaches the pinky side. The name given to the bones in our hands and feet are called phalanges. Our pelvis is our hip bone and is made up of three different bones. Our largest bone in our body is the femur, which is the thigh bone, Under the thigh bones we had the tibia, which is our shin bone. Next to the tibia we have a smaller bone in our lower leg called the fibula. The skeleton provides a solid framework for our body, other wise we wouldn't been be able to stand up or move because we wouldn't have a solid shape.
The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones by the time of adulthood. At birth you had as many as 350 bones in your body. Bones have a name that we all call it by and also its proper name. For example, the skull is actually called the cranium. Its job is to protect the brain inside. Moving down we have the Mandible. This is the jaw bone and used for eating. Next we have the clavicle (collar bone), scapula (shoulder blade), sternum (breastbone) and the ribs. The ribs main job is to protect our inner organs that live in that part of the body, especially the heart. On each side of our arm we have the humerus (the funny bone) in the upper arm and two bones, the ulna and radius in the forearm. The radius leads to the thumb side of the hand whereas the ulna reaches the pinky side. The name given to the bones in our hands and feet are called phalanges. Our pelvis is our hip bone and is made up of three different bones. Our largest bone in our body is the femur, which is the thigh bone, Under the thigh bones we had the tibia, which is our shin bone. Next to the tibia we have a smaller bone in our lower leg called the fibula. The skeleton provides a solid framework for our body, other wise we wouldn't been be able to stand up or move because we wouldn't have a solid shape.
2) Blood
Blood has two main cell types, a white blood cell and a red blood cell. The purpose of the red blood cells are to transport nutrients and oxygen around the body. The white blood cells are there to help fight infections that come into the body. Plasma is the liquid part of the blood. Blood is transported throughout the body in arteries, veins and capillaries. Arteries have thick walls that take the blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. Capillaries are the smallest of the three and help connect the arteries and veins. Veins take the blood back to the heart. Blood vessels help the transport blood around the body.
Blood has two main cell types, a white blood cell and a red blood cell. The purpose of the red blood cells are to transport nutrients and oxygen around the body. The white blood cells are there to help fight infections that come into the body. Plasma is the liquid part of the blood. Blood is transported throughout the body in arteries, veins and capillaries. Arteries have thick walls that take the blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. Capillaries are the smallest of the three and help connect the arteries and veins. Veins take the blood back to the heart. Blood vessels help the transport blood around the body.
3) The Heart
The heart is the main organ responsible for pumping the blood around the body. It is located around the middle of the body (in the chest area) but the heart curves slightly to the left which is why most people think it's located more in the left side of the body. The right side of the heart receives and sends blood that goes from the lungs and back, obtaining oxygen. Then the left side of the heart transports the blood to the rest of the body. Therefore the left side of the heart is a lot thicker, because it needs to be more powerful. The atrium is the upper chamber of the heart that receives the blood. Whereas the ventricle is the lower chamber of your heart that pumps blood away from your heart. Aorta is an artery that takes the blood away from the your heart and the vena cava is a large vein taking the oxygenated blood back to the heart.
4) Respiration
Inhaling and exhaling is the process of breathing, whereas respiration is the process of turning fuel to energy for the body. Lungs are the main organ used for getting oxygen into the body. Diaphragm is a muscle at the bottom of the chest that helps with breathing. Energy is required to enable the body to do work. Capillaries are where the blood rich is nutrient and oxygen for waste produces. This is called diffusion, molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Inhaling and exhaling is the process of breathing, whereas respiration is the process of turning fuel to energy for the body. Lungs are the main organ used for getting oxygen into the body. Diaphragm is a muscle at the bottom of the chest that helps with breathing. Energy is required to enable the body to do work. Capillaries are where the blood rich is nutrient and oxygen for waste produces. This is called diffusion, molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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